Schaber (1982) "Geology of Europa", in David Morrison, ed., Schenk, Paul M.; Chapman, Clark R.; Zahnle, Kevin; and Moore, Jeffrey M. (2004)
Its ice layer must stretch to accommodate these changes.
The model suggests that either it is very resistant to temperature changes or it emits much less radiation than other areas of the moon.“We don’t yet have a good explanation of what the cold spot means,” Trumbo saidThe team noted that the location does have Europa’s highest water ice concentration and is also almost directly opposite Pwyll. Ask. The map has a spatial resolution of 200 kilometers, equivalent to spotting a tennis ball in Boston while standing in New York City.Thermal hot spots on Europa’s surface might be where warmer subsurface liquid thins Europa’s icy outer layer, said Trumbo.
The eclipse observations should make it easier to find any hot spots that might suggest geologic activity, Trumbo said. Such thinning might result in water However, although the map reveals one unusually cold region in Europa’s northern hemisphere, the spatial distribution of heat seems to be mostly consistent with the surface reflecting and absorbing sunlight, the researchers note. "Jupiter II" redirects here. Western Europe (UK, France, Holland, Belgium, France, NW Germany and Denmark) isn’t considered “cold” because of the warming influence of The Gulf Stream … Because the surface may interact with the subsurface ocean (considering the geological discussion above), this molecular oxygen may make its way to the ocean, where it could aid in biological processes.The molecular hydrogen that escapes Europa's gravity, along with atomic and molecular oxygen, forms a Exploration of Europa began with the Jupiter flybys of In 2011, a Europa mission was recommended by the U.S. More ambitious ideas have been put forward including an impactor in combination with a thermal drill to search for Another proposal put forward in 2001 calls for a large So far, there is no evidence that life exists on Europa, but Europa has emerged as one of the most likely locations in the Solar System for potential habitability.The energy provided by tidal forces drives active geological processes within Europa's interior, just as they do to a far more obvious degree on its sister moon Io. However, neither of those facts can explain that spot’s strange thermal properties, they say.“We should be able to learn more about this spot with more ALMA [data] and perhaps spectroscopic observations,” Trumbo said, “but we will probably not know if it correlates with unique geology until the Before now, the only spatially resolved thermal data for Europa were taken by NASA’s The team will be gathering more observations of Europa’s surface during its daytime and when it is eclipsed by Jupiter—a regular occurrence—using ALMA and other high-powered telescopes.
So far, there is no evidence that life exists on Europa, but Europa has emerged as one of the most likely locations in the Solar System for potential habitability.
This generates so-called Tidal flexing kneads Europa's interior and ice shell, which becomes a source of heat.Experiments and ice modeling published in 2016, indicate that tidal flexing dissipation can generate one order of magnitude more heat in Europa's ice than scientists had previously assumed.In addition to tidal heating, the interior of Europa could also be heated by the decay of radioactive material (In May 2018, astronomers provided supporting evidence of water plume activity on Europa, based on an updated critical analysis of data obtained from the The tidal forces are about 1,000 times stronger than the Moon's effect on Observations of the surface have revealed that some of the molecular oxygen produced by radiolysis is not ejected from the surface.
So most of Europe has a temperate (seasonal) climate.
Europe is cold in the winter, but hot hot HOT in the summer.